Birsa Munda Biography In English PDF Free Download

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Birsa Munda Biography In English PDF Free Download, About Birsa Munda [ 1875-1900 ] Biography & Life History, Freedom Fighter Birsa Munda Died – [June 9, 1900] This Day in History.

Birsa Munda Biography In English PDF

• Birsa Munda was born at Ulihatu in the Bengal Presidency (presently in Jharkhand) on 15^th November 1875 into a Munda family. His parents were Sugana Munda and Karmi Hatu.
• His childhood was spent in a typical Munda fashion amidst poverty.
• He converted to Christianity and became Birsa David/Daud in order to receive an education from a missionary school.
• He spent a great part of his childhood in Chaibasa. He was influenced by the national movement there. His father withdrew him from the missionary school. Birsa developed a strong anti-government and anti-missionary stamp on his mind from there.
• During the 1890s, he started speaking to his people about the exploitation done by the British. The British agrarian policies were stifling the tribal people and disrupting their way of life which was hitherto peaceful and in tune with nature. Another problem was that of cultural belittlement of the tribal people by the Christian missionaries.
• The Mundas had followed the Khunkhatti system of joint landholding. The British replaced this egalitarian system with the Zamindari System. Outsiders entered the tribal landscape and started exploiting them. In their own turf, they became forced labourers. Poverty descended on them like a strangling chain.
• In 1894, Birsa announced his declaration against the British and the Dikus (outsiders) and thus began the Munda Ulgulan. This is a very important rebellion of the tribal people among the various uprisings of the tribals and peasants in India in the 19^th century.
• Birsa also started his own religion and proclaimed he was god’s messenger. Many Mundas, Kharias and Oraons accepted him as their leader. Many other Hindus and Muslims also flocked to see the new leader of the masses.
• Birsa advocated the tribal people to shun the missionaries and revert to their traditional ways. He also asked people not to pay taxes.
• He was arrested in 1895 and released after two years. In 1899, he resumed his armed struggle along with the people. He razed police stations, government property, churches and houses of Zamindars.
• The British caught him in 1900 from Jamkopai forest, Chakradharpur. Birsa Munda died on June 9^th 1900 while lodged at the Ranchi jail aged just 25. Authorities claimed he died of cholera although this is doubted.

Birsa Munda Was A Young Freedom Fighter And A Tribal Leader, Whose Spirit Of Activism In The Late Nineteenth Century, Is Remembered To Be A Strong Mark Of Protest Against British Rule In India. Born And Raised In The Tribal Belt Around Bihar And Jharkhand, Birsa Munda’s Achievements Are Known To Be Even More Remarkable By Virtue Of The Fact That He Came To Acquire Them Before He Was 25. In Recognition Of His Impact On The Nationals Movement, The State Of Jharkhand Was Created On His Birth Anniversary In 2000.

Born On November 15, 1875, Birsa Spent Much Of His Childhood Moving From One Village To Another With His Parents. He Belonged To The Munda Tribe In The Chhotanagpur Plateau Area. He Received His Early Education At Salga Under The Guidance Of His Teacher Jaipal Nag. On The Recommendation Of Jaipal Nag, Birsa Converted To Christianity In Order To Join The German Mission School. He, However, Opted Out Of The School After A Few Years.

The Impact Of Christianity Was Felt In The Way He Came To Relate To Religion Later. Having Gained Awareness Of The British Colonial Ruler And The Efforts Of The Missionaries To Convert Tribals To Christianity, Birsa Started The Faith Of ‘birsait’. Soon Members Of The Munda And Oraon Community Started Joining The Birsait Sect And It Turned Into A Challenge To British Conversion Activities.

During The Period, 1886 To 1890, Birsa Munda Spent A Large Amount Of Time In Chaibasa Which Was Close To The Centre Of The Sardars Agitation. The Activities Of The Sardars Had A Strong Impact On The Mind Of The Young Birsa, Who Soon Became A Part Of The Anti-missionary And Anti-government Program. By The Time He Left Chaibasa In 1890, Birsa Was Strongly Entrenched In The Movement Against The British Oppression Of The Tribal Communities.

On March 3, 1900, Birsa Munda Was Arrested By The British Police While He Was Sleeping With His Tribal Guerilla Army At Jamkopai Forest In Chakradharpur. He Died In Ranchi Jail On June 9, 1900 At A Young Age Of 25. Though He Lived A Short Span Of Life And The Fact That The Movement Died Out Soon After His Death, Birsa Munda Is Known To Have Mobilised The Tribal Community Against The British And Had Also Forced The Colonial Officials To Introduce Laws Protecting The Land Rights Of The Tribals. Birsa’s Achievements As A Young Tribal Revolutionary Has Continued To Be Celebrated Over Decades Now And He Has Successfully Carved Out A Space For Himself In Popular And Folk Literature, Academia, And Mass Media.

Birsa Munda Biography: Birsa Munda Born On November 15, 1875, In Ulihatu Village Near Ranchi, Birsa Munda Was An Eminent Freedom Fighter And Revered Tribal Leader Hailing From The State Of Jharkhand, India. With His Roots Firmly Embedded In The Munda Tribe, One Of Jharkhand’s Prominent Tribal Communities, Birsa Munda Drew Profound Inspiration From The Rich Customs And Traditions Of His People.

From An Early Age, He Became A Vocal Critic Of The British Colonial Rule In India And Led Several Uprisings Against The Unjust Treatment Of Tribal People. In This Article, We Will Explore The Life And Legacy Of Birsa Munda, A True Hero Of The Indian Freedom Struggle.

Early Life and Tribal Background:

Birsa Munda was born on November 15, 1875, in the small village of Ulihatu, located in the present-day Khunti district of Jharkhand, India. He was born into the Munda tribe, one of the largest tribal communities in the region. Birsa Munda’s father, Sugana Munda, was a religious leader of the Munda community, and his mother, Karmi Hatu, was a homemaker. As a child, Birsa Munda was deeply influenced by the customs and traditions of his tribe. He learned the Munda language, dance, music, and other aspects of their culture from an early age. His exposure to the cultural richness of his community instilled in him a sense of pride and identity.

Influence of Tribal Customs and Traditions:

Birsa Munda’s early exposure to the customs and traditions of his tribe had a profound impact on his life and thinking. He was deeply impressed by the communal way of life of the tribal people, where everyone shared equally in the joys and hardships of life. This egalitarian ethos inspired Birsa Munda to fight against the oppression and injustice faced by his people under British colonial rule. He saw British rule as a threat to the social, cultural, and economic fabric of his community and sought to mobilize the people to resist it.

Early Resistance Against British Rule:

Birsa Munda’s first act of rebellion against British rule came in 1895 when he organized a group of tribals to protest against the imposition of taxes and forced labor. This rebellion was followed by several others, and Birsa Munda emerged as a prominent leader of the tribal resistance movement in Jharkhand. He saw his role as that of a unifier, who could bring together the different tribes of Jharkhand and fight for their common interests. Birsa Munda’s leadership and charisma were instrumental in mobilizing the people, and his message of freedom and self-rule resonated with them.

Formation of the Munda Council:

In 1899, Birsa Munda formed the Munda Council, a group that aimed to unite the different tribes of Jharkhand and fight against the British. The council held its first meeting in 1900 and drafted a resolution demanding that the British stop interfering in the affairs of the tribal people. The council also sought to establish a system of self-rule for the tribal people, where they would be free to govern themselves according to their own customs and traditions. Birsa Munda was appointed as the head of the council, and he worked tirelessly to make it a success.

Imprisonment and Death:

Birsa Munda’s activism and leadership made him a thorn in the side of the British colonial authorities. In 1900, he was arrested by British authorities and charged with sedition. He was sentenced to life imprisonment and sent to jail in Ranchi. Birsa Munda’s time in jail was marked by illness and neglect, and he died on June 9, 1900, at the young age of 25. His death was a severe blow to the tribal resistance movement in Jharkhand, but his legacy as a freedom fighter and a symbol of resistance against British colonialism lives on in India.

Legacy and Significance:

Birsa Munda’s legacy as a freedom fighter and a symbol of resistance against British colonialism is an essential part of India’s history. His message of equality and justice for all people, regardless of caste, religion, or ethnicity, remains relevant.